Reliability and Error Rates in Forensic Techniques
Purpose:
It is easy to consider the results of forensic techniques as reliable given they were developed in the natural and technical sciences. The aim of the article is to research error rates with several forensic techniques (DNA, fingerprints, firearms etc.) and identify the influence on any errors made by various people in certain phases of examining evidence. Noting that the frequency of errors varies between the European and American systems, the article also presents each system’s main features.
Methods:
The methodology used to meet the above aims is analysis of research on error rates in different forensic techniques. The most important elements of forensic examinations, their main criticisms, and adjustments in laboratory practice are described.
Findings:
It is shown that the large number of erroneous verdicts in the American system has attracted criticism, especially from US scientific bodies, which has seen some techniques being re-examined. Although errors can be made in any forensic examination, protocols should be introduced to improve the current situation. Survey results reveal Croatian student police officers hold different perceptions compared to findings in other countries.
Research Limitations:
Despite the survey results being limited to the Croatian system, they can be compared with other systems. Theoretical conclusions and explanations do not refer to individual countries.
Practical Implications:
The results could influence the way forensic evidence in criminal procedures as well as the work of all persons who assist with collecting forensic evidence are viewed.
Originality/Value:
Explanations of differences in the reliability of certain techniques and legal systems are provided.
UDC: 343.98
Keywords: forensics, error rate, reliability, police investigation